2020河北唐山丰南教师招聘笔试备考：英语模拟题（六）
1. Which of the following refers to the study of meaning in abstraction?
A. phoneticsB. pragmaticsC. semanticsD. sociolinguistics
2. The rhetorical device _______ is a way of speaking or writing that makes something sound better, worse, more exciting, etc. than it really is.
A. hyperboleB. personificationC. simile D. metaphor
3. Which of the following pair of words are synonyms?
A. junior; seniorB. grateful; thankful
C. plant; treeD. apple; orange
4. The words “dad, papa, father” are examples of _______.
A. dialectal synonymsB. stylistic synonyms
C. emotive synonymsD. collocational synonyms
5. Saussure’s distinction and Chomsky’s are very similar, but they differ in that______.
A. Saussure took a sociological view of language while Chomsky took a psychological point of view.
B. Saussure took a psychological view of language while Chomsky took a sociological point of view.
C. Saussure took a pragmatic view of language while Chomsky took a semantic point of view.
D. Saussure took a structural view of language while Chomsky took a pragmatic point of view.
答案解析
1.C【解析】考察语言学中的语义学基本概念。对意义的研究是语义学(semantics)的定义。A项，语音学;B项，语用学;D项，社会语言学。故选C。
2.A【解析】考查修辞手法。A项夸张;B项拟人;C项明喻;D项暗喻。夸张是夸大可能性，使一件事听起来更好、更糟或更令人兴奋，故选A。
3.B【解析】考查语义学。A项，junior年少的，senior年老的，互为反义词(antonymy);B项中grateful和thankful意为感谢的，是近义词;C项，plant植物，tree是树，是上下义关系(hyponymy);D项，苹果和橘子，苹果和橘子等构成水果，是水果的下义词。故选B。
4.B【解析】考查语言学的语义学。dad和papa常用于一般场合，比如在交际用语方面;father常用于比较正式的场合或书面语中。所以三者属于文体同义词。故选B。
5.A【解析】考查语言学中的基本概念范畴。索绪尔是从社会语言学出发，而乔姆斯基是从心理语言学出发的。故选A。
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